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Military Federal Income Tax Guide
Combat Zone Exclusion

By , About.com Guide

Feb 1 2004
If you are a member of the U.S. Armed Forces who serves in a combat zone (defined later), you can exclude certain pay from your income. You do not have to receive the pay while you are in a combat zone, are hospitalized, or in the same year you served in a combat zone. However, your entitlement to the pay must have fully accrued in a month during which you served in the combat zone or were hospitalized as a result of wounds, disease, or injury incurred while serving in the combat zone. Enlisted personnel, warrant officers, and commissioned warrant officers can exclude the following amounts from their income. (Other officer personnel are discussed later.)

Active duty pay earned in any month you served in a combat zone.

  • Imminent danger/hostile fire pay.
  • A reenlistment bonus if the voluntary extension or reenlistment occurs in a month you served in a combat zone.
  • Pay for accrued leave earned in any month you served in a combat zone. The Department of Defense must determine that the unused leave was earned during that period.
  • Pay received for duties as a member of the Armed Forces in clubs, messes, post and station theaters, and other nonappropriated fund activities. The pay must be earned in a month you served in a combat zone.
  • Awards for suggestions, inventions, or scientific achievements you are entitled to because of a submission you made in a month you served in a com­at zone.
  • Student loan repayments. If the entire year of service required to earn the repayment was performed in a combat zone, the entire payment made because of that year of service is excluded. If only part of that year of service was performed in a combat zone, only part of the repayment qualifies for exclusion.
Retirement pay and pensions do not qualify for the combat zone exclusion.

Partial (month) service. If you serve in a combat zone for any part of one or more days during a particular month, you are entitled to an exclusion for that entire month.

Combat Zone

A combat zone is any area the President of the United States designates by Executive Order as an area in which the U.S. Armed Forces are engaging or have engaged in combat. An area usually becomes a combat zone and ceases to be a combat zone on the dates the President designates by Executive Order.

Afghanistan area. By Executive Order No. 13239, Afghanistan (and airspace above) was designated as a combat zone beginning September 19, 2001.

The Kosovo area. By Executive Order No. 13119 and Public Law 106–21, the following locations (including air space above) were designated as a combat zone and a qualified hazardous duty area beginning March 24, 1999.

  • Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia/ Montenegro).
  • Albania.
  • The Adriatic Sea.
  • The Ionian Sea—north of the 39th parallel.
Persian Gulf area. By Executive Order No. 12744, the following locations (and airspace above) were designated as a combat zone beginning January 17, 1991.
  • The Persian Gulf,
  • The Red Sea,
  • The Gulf of Oman,
  • The part of the Arabian Sea that is north of 10 degrees north latitude and west of 68 degrees east longitude,
  • The Gulf of Aden, and
  • The total land areas of Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates.
Qualified hazardous duty area. Beginning November 21, 1995, a qualified hazardous duty area in the former Yugoslavia is treated as if it were a combat zone. The qualified hazardous duty area includes:
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina,
  • Croatia, and
  • Macedonia.
Note. Members of the Armed Forces deployed overseas away from their permanent duty station in support of operations in a qualified hazardous duty area, but outside the qualified hazardous duty area, are treated as if they are in a combat zone solely for the purposes of the extension of deadlines. These personnel are not entitled to other combat zone tax benefits. However, if they satisfy addi­tional requirements, they may be entitled to full combat zone tax benefits. See Qualifying service outside combat zone, later.
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